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    September 24

    《参考消息》9月23日——《谷蛋白也致病》

    【德国《世界报》9月15日报道】题:因食用小麦、黑麦和大麦生病
    病人通常会为病情得到确诊感到高兴,因为不出意外的话,他只需按时服药等待康复。但如果他患上了脂性下痢,就不得不忍受漫长的痛苦生活——而且无药可医。脂性下痢又名地方性口炎性腹泻,其病因是患者的身体不适应大多数谷物含有的谷蛋白。到目前为止,这种病无法治愈。患者只有靠食用不含谷蛋白的食物来避免发病,这意味着他不得不放弃大多数日常美食。
    德国埃朗根大学综合诊所的诺贝特·克劳斯说:“脂性下痢是疾病中的变色龙,患者会表现出各种症状。这些症状包括腹痛、湿疹、肝功能指标升高和骨质疏松,脂性下痢还可能引发Ⅰ型糖尿病这类自体免疫症。”脂性下痢多发于幼儿,导致幼儿贫血,上吐下泻。但成人也会发病。因为症状复杂,患者的病情经常被误诊后才得以确诊。尽管如此,还是有多种化验方法可以诊断出病因。一种方法是检查患者的血液中是否有谷蛋白抗体。另一种方法是用内窥镜检查患者小肠的上部,并进行组织取样。诺贝特·克劳斯等专家建议同时采取两种方法以提高诊断的准确性。此外,不仅面包和蛋糕含有谷蛋白,一些药物也含有谷蛋白提取物。
    因为错误饮食会导致脂性下痢患者的病情出现严重反复,所以德国脂性下痢协会公布了一份这样的患者可食用的食品名单。目前汉堡的一个研究小组正在研制人造食品,比如不含谷蛋白的小麦和用转基因玉米制成的烤面包粉,以便让脂性下痢患者享受普通人的饮食乐趣。

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